September 10 ~ SCHOOLS THROUGHOUT ALABAMA ARE DESEGREGATED


AP
A young school girl with an arm load of books turns away in tears after African American were admitted to West End High in Birmingham, Ala. on Sept. 10, 1963. (AP Photo)  for more information … click on the image

 

Thought for Today: “History is the great dust-heap … a pageant and not a philosophy.”

— Augustine Birrell, English author and statesman (1850-1933).

 

What rights does the 5th Amendment offer?


Since you can’t rely on ICE to give you a Miranda Warning, it’s incredibly important to learn your rights so that you can rely on them if you’re ever detained. They include:

  • The right against self-incrimination: You cannot be compelled to be a witness against yourself. Assert your right to remain silent until you have representation early – and repeat yourself as often as necessary. Don’t let an ICE agent trick you into believing that anything you say can improve your situation.
  • The right to due process: “Due process” is the application of the law and all its proper procedures, and it’s what keeps the government from just acting at will to deprive people of their lives, freedoms and property. For immigrants, due process may include evidentiary hearings and more – but ICE may try to get you to sign waivers or agreements that forgo your rights. 
  • The right to an attorney: It’s a mistake to believe that you’ll automatically be given an attorney. You need to ask for one. (Remember, however, that since deportation is a civil matter, you will usually not be provided with a public defender.)

Anytime someone is detained by ICE, deportation is a possibility. An experienced defense can be the only possible way of obtaining a favorable outcome.

immigrationlawclinic.com

On This Day September 9, 1943: Light During the Darkness of the Holocaust on the Island of Zakynthos


On This Day September 9, 1943: Light During the Darkness of the Holocaust on the Island of Zakynthos

by Gregory Pappas

On September 9 1943, the head of the Nazi German occupation forces of the Greek island of Zakynthos, following orders from Berlin as part of Adolf Hitler’s Final Solution, summoned the mayor, Loukas Karrer, to his office.

He demanded a list of all Jews on the island in order for their ultimate round up and deportation. He asked him to return with the list in 24 hours.

for the complete article:  www.pappaspost.com

on this day ~ Civil Rights Act of 1957 ~ In the Library Sept 9, 1957


In 1957, President Eisenhower sent Congress a proposal for civil rights legislation.

The result was the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the first civil rights legislation since Reconstruction.

The new act established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote. It also established a federal Civil Rights Commission with authority to investigate discriminatory conditions and recommend corrective measures. The final act was weakened by Congress due to lack of support among the Democrats.

Cabinet Paper – The Civil Rights Program – Letter and Statement by the Attorney General, April 10, 1956 [19 pages] [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12090725]

Press Release, Statement of the Attorney General on the Proposed Civil Rights Legislation Before The Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights of the Senate Judiciary Committee, February 14, 1957 [22 pages][E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12167080]

Fact Paper – The Administration and Civil Rights Legislation, March 27, 1957 [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12167051]

Memorandum, E. Frederic Morrow to Sherman Adams, July 12, 1957 [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12167063]

Letter, Val Washington (RNC) to DDE, July 18, 1957 [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12023121]

Press Release, Republican National Committee, August 7, 1957 [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12023122]

Letter, William P. Rogers to Joseph P. Martin, August 9, 1957 [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12090722]

Press Release by Congressman Adam Clayton Powell, August 30, 1957 [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12167069]

Civil Rights Act of 1957 [Record Officer Reports to President on Pending Legislation, Box 111, Civil Rights HR 6127; NAID #12171136]

Report, Executive Branch Cooperation with the Commission on Civil Rights, February 27, 1959 (outlines the Commission’s authority, duties, responsibilities and actions) [19 pages] [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 10, Civil Rights Commission; NAID #12171139]

Pamphlet, The Commission on Civil Rights [E. Frederic Morrow Records, Box 9, Civil Rights Bill; NAID #12167074]

Photographs:

Images in the audiovisual collection

Additional Information:

Civil Rights Act of 1957 Subject Guide

resources ~ eisenhowerarchives.gov

on this day … 9/9


490 B.C. – The Battle of Marathon took place between the invading Persian army and the Athenian Army. The marathon race was derived from the events that occurred surrounding this battle.

1776 – The second Continental Congress officially made the term “United States“, replacing the previous term “United Colonies.”

1836 – Abraham Lincoln received his license to practice law.

1850 – California became the 31st state to join the union.

1898 – In Omaha, NE, Tommy Fleming of Eau Claire, WI won the first logrolling championship.

1893 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland‘s wife, Frances Cleveland, gave birth to a daughter, Esther. It was the first time a president’s child was born in the White House.

1904 – Mounted police were used for the first time in the City of New York.

1911 – Italy declared war on the Ottoman Turks and annexed Libya, Tripolitania, and Cyrenaica in North Africa.

1919 – The majority of Boston’s police force went on strike. The force was made up of 1,500 men.

1919 – Alexander Graham Bell and Casey Baldwin’s HD-4, a hydrofoil craft, set a world marine speed record.

1926 – The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) was created by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA).

1942 – Japan dropped incendiaries over NE in an attempt to set fire to the forests in Oregon and Washington. The forest did not ignite.

1943 – During World War II Allied forces landed at Taranto and Salerno.

1948 – North Korea became the People’s Democratic Republic of Korea.

1950 – Sal Maglie (New York Giants) pitched a fourth consecutive shutout. Only four other pitchers in the National League had ever accomplished this feat.

1957 – The first civil rights bill to pass Congress since Reconstruction was signed into law by U.S. President Eisenhower.

1965 – French President Charles de Gaulle announced that France was withdrawing from NATO to protest the domination of the U.S. in the organization.

1965 – Sandy Koufax of the Los Angeles Dodgers pitched the eighth perfect game in major league baseball history.

1971 – Gordie Howe of the Detroit Red Wings retired from the National Hockey League (NHL).

1979 – Tracy Austin, at 16, became the youngest player to win the U.S. Open women’s tennis title.

1981 – Nicaragua declared a state of economic emergency and banned strikes.

1983 – The Soviet Union announced that the Korean jetliner the was shot down on September 1, 1983 was not an accident or an error.

1984 – Walter Payton of the Chicago Bears broke Jim Brown’s combined yardage record when he reached 15,517 yards.

1986 – Frank Reed was taken hostage in Lebanon by pro-Iranian kidnappers. The director of a private school in Lebanon was released 44 months later.

1986 – Ted Turner presented the first of his colorized films on WTBS in Atlanta, GA.

1986 – Gennadiy Zakharov was indicted by a New York jury on espionage charges. Zakharov was a Soviet United Nations employee.

1987 – Mickey Spillane’s Mike Hammer aired for the last time on CBS.

1993 – Israeli and PLO leaders agreed to recognize each other.

1994 – The U.S. agreed to accept about 20,000 Cuban immigrants a year. This was in return for Cuba’s promise to halt the flight of refugees.

1994 – The space shuttle Discovery blasted off on an 11-day mission.

1995 – Amtrak’s Broadway Limited service made its final run between New York City, NY and Chicago, IL.

1997 – Sinn Fein, the IRA’s political ally, formally renounced violence as it took its place in talks on Northern Ireland’s future.

1998 – Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr delivered to the U.S. Congress 36 boxes of material concerning his investigation of U.S. President Clinton.

1998 – Four tourists who had paid $32,500 each were taken in submarine to view the wreckage of the Titanic. The ship is 2 miles below the Atlantic off Newfoundland.

1999 – The Sega Dreamcast game system went on sale. By 1:00pm all Toys R Us locations in the U.S. had sold out.

2008 – The iTunes Music Store reached 100 million applications downloaded.

2009 – The iTunes Music Store reached 1.8 billion applications downloaded.

2014 – Apple unveiled the iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, Apple Watch, Apple Watch Sport and Apple Watch Edition.