1937 cover – drawing done by Tolkien

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973), whose surname is pronounced /?t?lki?n/ (in General American also /?to?lki?n/), was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. Tolkien was Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford University from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature there from 1945 to 1959. He was a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. After his death, Tolkien’s son, Christopher, published a series of works based on his father’s extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The Silmarillion. These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, form a connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary essays about an imagined world called Arda, and Middle-earth within it. Between 1951 and 1955 Tolkien applied the word legendarium to the larger part of these writings. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien, the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings when they were published in paperback in the United States led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the “father” of modern fantasy literature—or, more precisely, of high fantasy. Tolkien’s writings have inspired many other works of fantasy and have had a lasting effect on the entire field. In 2008, The Times ranked him sixth on a list of “The 50 greatest British writers since 1945”.

http://www.readanybook.com/ebook/the-hobbit-17

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1876-The US orders all Native Americans to move into reservations

01/31/2021 Nativegrl77

by CHARLES-FEIGELSTOCK

Since the beginning of European colonists’ arrival on American shores, the native Indians were pushed back. President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, which created a nightmare for many Native Americans, and to fix the situation, the U.S. created Indian reservations.

On this day January 31^st, in 1876, the U.S. ordered for Native Americans to move into reservations. The hope of creating these reservations was to reduce clashes between the white settlers and the Natives. At first the Native American tribes were given land that they could use for agriculture, but eventually even this diminished as white settlers set their eyes on land that the Natives had received for reservations.

For the most part, reservations are self-governing and neither local nor federal jurisdiction is enforced. This is why casinos have become a major source of revenue for reservations, as President Ronald Reagan suggested. But don’t be fooled, most Native Americans who live on reservations live in squalor. However there are many tribes which currently sit on natural resources in addition to casinos; these factions have come out financially successful. There are over 300 reservations, but more than 500 tribes, meaning some don’t have their own reservation, having to share land with other tribes.

famousdaily.com/history

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President Donald J. Trump Signs HR6124, the “Tribal Social Security Fairness Act of 2018,”

01/31/2021 Nativegrl77

On Thursday, September 20, 2018, the President signed into law:

H.R. 6124, the “Tribal Social Security Fairness Act of 2018,” which allows Indian tribes to enter into agreements with the Social Security Administration to provide Social Security and Medicare coverage for members of tribal councils.

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I have a question …why would they do this? In this era of trump with the possibilities of them completing their mission to privatize social services. don’t get it twisted. I am all for people getting social security but is it the $13Mil in revenues this current government is after or is dave Reichert(WA-R), who is retiring from congress sponsored HR6124 suddenly feeling generous. It just seems to be a “what could go wrong moment” when this government has overtly stated they want to privatize social security among others like education, medicare,Medicaid, and the VA which will cause all kinds of issues! Hey,IMO any move to privatize these services are not just inevitable if Republicans get a chance but a clear and present danger to our society

~ Nativegrl77

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Cervical Health

01/31/2021 Nativegrl77

Improving Your Odds for Cervical Health

January is Cervical Health Awareness month, a time to spread the word about steps women can take to prevent and detect cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is largely preventable and, if detected early, curable. The key to prevention is vaccination and the key to early detection comes down to two tests. FDA is responsible for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of these measures.

In this Consumer Update, learn what you can do to protect your cervical health.