On August 5, 1861, the United States Army officially abolished flogging as a form of corporal punishment. Until that point, it had routinely been used as punishment for soldiers who disobeyed orders.

Flogging, also known as flagellation, is the act of methodically beating or whipping the human body. Special tools were often used, including rods, switches, the cat o’ nine tails, and the sjambok, a heavy leather whip traditional in South Africa. Typically, flogging is imposed on an unwilling subject as a punishment. It was the preferred form of punishment for slaves at the time, and commonly used to discipline soldiers in the military.

Flogging was not just common in the United States. In the 1700s and 1800s, European armies administered floggings to common soldiers who committed breaches of military code. It was also used in France during the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, during which the maximum number of lashes allowed reached as high as 1,200! During the American Revolutionary War, Congress raised the legal limit on lashes from 39 to 100 for soldiers who were convicted by court-martial. Generally, officers were not flogged.

On August 5, 1861, the United States Army officially banned flogging as a form of punishment, thought it was still routinely used on slaves at that time.

Today, only Singapore still officially uses flogging as a form of military punishment, though there are many uncorroborated reports of use of corporal punishment in several other countries.

POSTED BY JAE JONES – MARCH 25, 2022 – BLACK HISTORY, HISTORY, LATEST POSTS, RACE RIOTS

The Lombard Street Riot was a three-day race riot that occurred in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1842. The riot started on Lombard Street, between Fifth and Eighth streets.

On August 1, 1842, more than 1,000 African Americans gathered to participate in a temperance parade to commemorate the eighth anniversary of the abolition of slavery in the West Indies. The group was attacked on Fourth Street by an Irish mob that beat many of the marchers and destroyed black homes in the area. The attack went on for three days.

The Irish rioters headed west toward the home of prominent and outspoken African American leader Robert Purvis at 9th and Lombard. Purvis sat on the steps of his home armed and ready.

Although his home was spared from the inferno by the intervention of a Catholic priest. Purvis eventually relocated permanently to his rural Bucks County home.

The Irish immigrants and African Americans lived in the vicinity and often competed for the same low paying jobs and places to live. Both groups felt their hard work and economic gains were being constantly threatened.

During this period of time, free African Americans were never truly safe because of fugitive slave laws, and in 1838 Pennsylvania stripped free blacks of their right to vote. The strength and vitality of Philadelphia’s fast-growing free-black community generated fear, frustration which ultimately led to violence on the part of the Irish immigrants.

Of those arrested by the militia, most were found not guilty or otherwise released. The three or four who were convicted received only light sentences.

source:

http://www.philaplace.org/story/62/

1735 – Freedom of the press was established with an acquittal of John Peter Zenger. The writer of the New York Weekly Journal  had been charged with seditious libel by the royal governor of New York. The jury said that “the truth is not libelous.” 

1753 – George Washington became a Master Mason.

1790 – The Revenue Cutter Service was formed. This U.S. naval task force was the beginning of the U.S. Coast Guard.

1821 – “The Saturday Evening Post” was published for the first time as a weekly.

1914 – Britain declared war on Germany. The U.S. proclaimed its neutrality.

1921 – The first radio broadcast of a tennis match occurred. It was in Pittsburgh, PA.

1922 – The death of Alexander Graham Bell, two days earlier, was recognized by AT&T and the Bell Systems by shutting down all of its switchboards and switching stations. The shutdown affected 13 million phones.

1934 – Mel Ott became the first major league baseball player to score six runs in a single game.

1944 – Nazi police raided a house in Amsterdam and arrested eight people. Anne Frank, a teenager at the time, was one of the people arrested. Her diary would be published after her death.

1954 – The uranium rush began in Saskatchewan, Canada.

1956 – William Herz became the first person to race a motorcycle over 200 miles per hour. He was clocked at 210 mph.

1957 – Florence Chadwick set a world record by swimming the English Channel in 6 hours and 7 minutes.

1957 – Juan Fangio won his final auto race and captured the world auto driving championship. It was his the fifth consecutive year to win.

1958 – The first potato flake plant was completed in Grand Forks, ND.

1958 – Billboard Magazine introduced its “Hot 100” chart, which was part popularity and a barometer of the movement of potential hits. The first number one song was Ricky Nelson’s “Poor Little Fool.”

1972 – Arthur Bremer was found guilty of shooting George Wallace, the governor of Alabama. Bremer was sentenced to 63 years in prison.

1977 – U.S. President Carter signed the measure that established the Department of Energy.

1983 – New York Yankee outfielder Dave Winfield threw a baseball during warm-ups and accidentally killed a seagull. After the game, Toronto police arrested him for “causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.”

1984 – Carl Lewis won a gold medal in the Los Angeles Olympics.

1984 – Upper Volta, an African republic, changed its name to Burkina Faso.

1985 – Tom Seaver of the Chicago White Sox achieved his 300th victory.

1985 – Rod Carew of the California angels got his 3,000th major league hit.

1986 – The United States Football League called off its 1986 season. This was after winning only token damages in its antitrust lawsuit against the National Football League.

1987 – The Fairness Doctrine was rescinded by the Federal Communications Commission. The doctrine had required that radio and TV stations present controversial issues in a balanced fashion. 

1987 – A new 22-cent U.S. stamp honoring noted author William Faulkner, went on sale in Oxford, MS. Faulkner had been fired as postmaster of that same post office in 1924.

1989 – Iranian President Hashemi Rafsanjani offered to assist end the hostage crisis in Lebanon.

1990 – The European Community imposed an embargo on oil from Iraq and Kuwait. This was done to protest the Iraqi invasion of the oil-rich Kuwait.

1991 – The Oceanos, a Greek luxury liner, sank off of South Africa’s southeast coast. All of the 402 passengers and 179 crewmembers survived.

1994 – Yugoslavia withdrew its support for Bosnian Serbs. The border between Yugoslavia and Serb-held Bosnia was sealed.

1996 – Josia Thugwane won a gold medal after finishing first in the marathon. He became the first black South African to win a gold medal.

1997 – Teamsters began a 15-day strike against UPS (United Parcel Service). The strikers eventually won an increase in full-time positions and defeated a proposed reorganization of the company’s pension plan.

2007 – NASA’s Phoenix spacecraft was launched on a space exploration mission of Mars. The Phoenix lander descended on Mars on May 25, 2008.

2009 – North Korean leader Kim Jong-il pardoned two American journalists, who had been arrested and imprisoned for illegal entry earlier in the year.

1492 – Christopher Columbus left Palos, Spain with three ships. The voyage led him to what is now known as the Americas. He reached the Bahamas on October 12.

1750 – Christopher Dock completed the first book of teaching methods. It was titled “A Simple and Thoroughly Prepared School Management.”

1777 – During the Siege of Fort Stanwix the first U.S. flag was officially flown during battle.

1880 – The American Canoe Association was formed at Lake George, NY.

1900 – Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. was founded.

1914 – Germany declared war on France. The next day World War I began when Britain declared war on Germany.

1922 – WGY radio in Schenectady, NY, presented the first full-length melodrama on radio. The work was “The Wolf”, written by Eugene Walter.

1923 – Calvin Coolidge was sworn in as the 30th president of the U.S. after the sudden death of President Harding.

1933 – The Mickey Mouse Watch was introduced for the price of $2.75.

1936 – The U.S. State Department advised Americans to leave Spain due to the Spanish Civil War.

1936 – Jesse Owens won the first of his four Olympic gold medals.

1943 – Gen. George S. Patton verbally abused and slapped a private. Later, Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower ordered him to apologize for the incident.

1949 – The National Basketball Association (NBA) was formed. The league was formed by the merger between the Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League.

1956 – Bedloe’s Island had its name changed to Liberty Island.

1958 – The Nautilus became the first vessel to cross the North Pole underwater. The mission was known as “Operation Sunshine.”

1979 – Johnny Carson, the “Tonight Show” host, was on the cover of the Burbank, CA, telephone directory.

1981 – U.S. traffic controllers with PATCO, the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization, went on strike. They were fired just as U.S. President Reagan had warned. 

1984 – Mary Lou Retton won a gold medal at the Los Angeles Summer Olympics.

1985 – Mail service returned to a nudist colony in Paradise Lake, FL. Residents promised that they’d wear clothes or stay out of sight when the mailperson came to deliver.

1988 – The Iran-Contra hearings ended. No ties were made between U.S. President Reagan and the Nicaraguan Rebels.

1988 – The Soviet Union released Mathias Rust. He had been taken into custody on May 28, 1987 for landing a plane in Moscow’s Red Square.

1989 – Hashemi Rafsanjani was sworn in as the president of Iran.

1990 – Thousands of Iraqi troops pushed within a few miles of the border of Saudi Arabia. This heightened world concerns that the invasion of Kuwait could spread.

1992 – The U.S. Senate voted to restrict and eventually end the testing of nuclear weapons. 

1992 – Russia and Ukraine agreed to put the Black Sea Fleet under joint command. The agreement was to last for three years.

1995 – Eyad Ismoil was flown from Jordan to the U.S. to face charges that he had driven the van that blew up in New York’s World Trade Center.

2004 – In New York, the Statue of Liberty re-opened to the public. The site had been closed since the terrorist attacks on the U.S. on September 11, 2001.

2004 – NASA launched the spacecraft Messenger. The 6 1/2 year journey was planned to arrive at the planet Mercury in March 2011. On April 30, 2015, Messenger crashed into the surface of Mercury after sending back more than 270,000 pictures. 

2009 – Bolivia became the first South American country to declare the right of indigenous people to govern themselves.