President Lyndon B. Johnson appoints U.S. Court of Appeals Judge Thurgood Marshall to fill the seat of retiring Supreme Court Associate Justice Tom C. Clark. On August 30, after a heated debate, the Senate confirmed Marshall’s nomination by a vote of 69 to 11. Two days later, he was sworn in by Chief Justice Earl Warren, making him the first African American in history to sit on America’s highest court.

The great-grandson of slaves, Marshall was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1908. In 1933, after studying under the tutelage of civil liberties lawyer Charles H. Houston, he received his law degree from Howard University in Washington, D.C. In 1936, he joined the legal division of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), of which Houston was director, and two years later succeeded his mentor in the organization’s top legal post.

As the NAACP’s chief counsel from 1938 to 1961, he argued 32 cases before the U.S. Supreme Court, successfully challenging racial segregation, most notably in public education. He won 29 of these cases, including a groundbreaking victory in 1954’s Brown v. Board of Education, in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation violated the 14th Amendment to the Constitution and was thus illegal. The decision served as a great impetus for the African American civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s and ultimately led to the abolishment of segregation in all public facilities and accommodations.

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy appointed Marshall to the U.S. Court of Appeals, but his nomination was opposed by many Southern senators, and he was not confirmed until the next year. In June 1967, President Johnson nominated him to the Supreme Court, and in late August he was confirmed. During his 24 years on the high court, Associate Justice Marshall consistently challenged discrimination based on race or sex, opposed the death penalty, and supported the rights of criminal defendants. He also defended affirmative action and women’s right to reproductive freedom. As appointments by a largely Republican White House changed the politics of the Court, Marshall found his liberal opinions increasingly in the minority. He retired in 1991, and two years later passed away.

history.com

No-fault divorce is a type of divorce that does not require proving any wrongdoing or fault by either spouse¹². 

Some problems with no-fault divorce are¹²:

• It may increase the divorce rates by making it easier and cheaper to end a marriage.
• It may encourage bad marital behavior and domestic violence by removing the legal consequences of such actions.
• It may undermine the concept of mutual interdependence and commitment that was traditionally central to marriage

Wow, the pros and cons are certainly out there for everyone to dig deeper into why MAGARs are doing this… thing is, no-fault seems to leave Women a $dollar dollar short

Source: BingAI for more info

2015 Same-sex marriage is made legal nationwide with Obergefell v. Hodges decision

June 26, 2015 marks a major milestone for civil rights in the United States, as the Supreme Court announces its decision in Obergefell v. Hodges. By one vote, the court rules that same-sex marriage cannot be banned in the United States and that all same-sex marriages …read more

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark civil rights and labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, and later sexual orientation and gender identity. It prohibits unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools and public accommodations, and employment discrimination.

The act “remains one of the most significant legislative achievements in American history”.

: Hubert Humphrey served as America’s 38th Vice President under President Lyndon B. Johnson from 1964-69. He later ran as the Democratic candidate for President in the 1968 election, after Johnson decided not to run again, but lost to Richard Nixon.

A leading progressive in the Democratic party Humphrey was an important legislator during a turbulent period in America’s history. First elected to the Senate in 1948, he was instrumental in pushing for the 1963 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with the Soviet Union. In 1964 he shepherded the Civil Rights Act into law.

Humphrey’s support for Johnson and for the Vietnam war was a crucial factor in his defeat when he ran for President in 1968. He then returned to the Senate, serving until his death in 1978.

Born: May 27, 1911
Birthplace: Wallace, South Dakota, USA

Died: January 13, 1978 (aged 66)

Congress passed the Mann Act, which was ostensibly aimed at keeping young women from being lured into prostitution but really offered a way to make a crime out of many kinds of consensual sexual activity.

The Mann Act, previously called the White-Slave Traffic Act of 1910, is a United States federal law, passed June 25, 1910. It is named after Congressman James Robert Mann of Illinois.

The outrage over sex work began with a commission appointed in 1907 to investigate the problem of immigrant prostitutes. Allegedly, women were brought to America for the purpose of being forced into sexual slavery; likewise, immigrant men were allegedly luring American girls into prostitution.

The Congressional committees that debated the Mann Act did not believe that a woman would ever choose to be a prostitute unless she was drugged and held hostage. The law made it illegal to “transport any woman or girl” across state lines “for any immoral purpose.” In 1917, the Supreme Court upheld the conviction of two married California men, Drew Caminetti and Maury Diggs, who had gone on a romantic weekend getaway with their girlfriends to Reno, Nevada, and had been arrested. Following this decision, the Mann Act was used in all types of cases: someone was charged with violating the Mann Act for bringing a woman from one state to another in order to work as a chorus girl in a theater; wives began using the Mann Act against girls who ran off with their husbands. The law was also used for racist purposes: Jack Johnson, heavyweight champion of the world, was prosecuted for bringing a prostitute from Pittsburgh to Chicago, but the motivation for his arrest was public outrage over his marriages to white women.

Source: history.com, wiki,