In 1993, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled unanimously that hate crime laws are not “constitutionally and morally unsound” ¹. 

Specifically, in the case of Wisconsin v. Mitchell, the Court upheld a Wisconsin hate crime statute that allowed for longer prison sentences if a criminal intentionally selected their victim based on factors such as race, religion, color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin, or ancestry ². 

This landmark decision clarified that enhanced penalties for bias-motivated crimes do not violate a defendant’s First Amendment rights ¹. 

The case involved Todd Mitchell, who encouraged a group to attack a white teenager based on his race ¹. 

The Court’s ruling affirmed the constitutionality of such laws, recognizing the importance of addressing hate crimes and protecting vulnerable communities ¹.

For the reasons listed in wiki, the Court reversed the Wisconsin Supreme Court’s decision, and remanded the case to a lower court for final proceedings.^[1]

Source: BingAI

On June 11, in 1776, the Continental Congress, meeting in Philadelphia, named a five-member committee to draft a declaration of independence from Britain. Its members were Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Roger Sherman of Connecticut and Robert Livingston of New York

Adams suggested that Jefferson write the first draft. Adams and Franklin edited it and then gave their work to Congress on June 28 for review. It began:
“When, in the Course of human Events, it becomes necessary for one People to dissolve the Political Bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the Powers of the Earth, the separate and equal Station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them, a decent Respect to the Opinions of Mankind requires that they should declare the Causes which impel them to the Separation.”

Congress set the draft aside to debate a resolution that Richard Henry Lee had introduced on June 7. His motion called on Congress to declare independence, form foreign alliances and prepare a plan of colonial confederation.

Lee’s proposal read: “Resolved that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.”

source – Politico

Quackery persisted through the centuries in Europe and found its way to the American colonies, where the earliest steps to regulate the profession were taken.

On this day, June 10, in 1760 New York City passed the first law regulating medical practice, mandating examining and licensing of prospective doctors, and penalizing unlicensed physicians.

famousdaily.com

On June 9, 1915, United States Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resigns due to his concerns over President Woodrow Wilson’s handling of the crisis generated by a German submarine’s sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania the previous month, in which 1,201 people—including 128 Americans—died.

Germany’s announcement in early 1915 that its navy was adopting a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare concerned many within the government and civilian population of the United States—which maintained a policy of strict neutrality during the first two years of World War I.

The sinking of the Lusitania on May 7, 1915, caused an immediate uproar, as many believed Germany had sunk the British cruiser deliberately as a provocation to Wilson and the U.S. Bryan, as secretary of state, sent a note to the German government from the Wilson administration, lauding the ties of friendship and diplomacy between the two nations and expressing the desire that they come to a clear and full understanding as to the grave situation which has resulted from the sinking of the Lusitania.

When the German government responded by justifying their navy’s action on the basis that the Lusitania was carrying munitions (which it was, a small amount), Wilson himself penned a strongly worded note, insisting that the sinking had been an illegal action and demanding that Germany cease unrestricted submarine warfare against unarmed merchantmen.

“The Government of the United States is contending for something much greater than mere rights of property or privileges of commerce,” Wilson wrote. “It is contending for nothing less high and sacred than the rights of humanity, which every Government honours itself in respecting, and which no Government is justified in resigning on behalf of those under its care and authority.”

Source: history.com