#Katrina,
The Gulf Coast is still battling, what looks like, white privilege. If read the news, it appears as if whites are wealthier, and in several locations … it is more unequal; the Po Poorer, the Indigenous, Latino and Black People have still been left behind, and absolutely no fix is in place yet?
August 29th, 1786: Protesting high taxes and political corruption, American farmers begin a military standoff that closes the federal court in Springfield. It was called Shays’ Rebellion and was eventually defeated by a private militia, but it sufficiently rattled national leaders to call for a stronger national government to suppress future uprisings.
Source: Britannica History
Around dusk, on the evening on August 29, 1970, a group of 23 Native American activists climbed to the top of Mount Rushmore. Renaming the landmark Crazy Horse Mountain, in honor of the Lakota Sioux leader who famously resisted white Americans’ incursions into the area, the protesters are there to reclaim land they believe to be rightfully theirs under the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie, which guaranteed Indigenous people the right to all of Western South Dakota. The occupation will last for two months, beginning a new chapter in Native American activism.
Signed at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, the 1868 treaty was meant to end hostilities between the United States and the Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota and Arapaho Nation. The treaty allocated the Black Hills and adjacent lands west of the Missouri River—roughly half of what is now South Dakota—to Indigenous peoples. But it tried to incentivize Native Americans to give up their traditional way of life in favor of farming. And it was designed to assimilate Native Americans into white American culture, with U.S. courts, not tribal ones, given jurisdiction over the reservation.
For the complete article, history.com
August 28
1609 – Delaware Bay was discovered by Henry Hudson.
1619 – Ferdinand II was elected Holy Roman Emperor. His policy of “One church, one king” was his way of trying to outlaw Protestantism.
1774 – The first American-born saint was born in New York City. Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton was canonized in 1975.
1811 – Percy Bysshe Shelley and Harriet Westbrook eloped.
1830 – “The Tom Thumb” was demonstrated in Baltimore, MD. It was the first passenger-carrying train of its kind to be built in America.
1833 – Slavery was banned by the British Parliament throughout the British Empire.
1907 – “American Messenger Company” was started by two teenagers, Jim Casey and Claude Ryan. The company’s name was later changedto “United Parcel Service.”
1916 – Italy’s declaration of war against Germany took effect duringWorld War I.
1917 – Ten suffragists were arrested as they picketed the White House.
1922 – The first radio commercial aired on WEAF in New York City. The Queensboro Realty Company bought 10 minutes of time for$100.
1922 – The Walker Cup was held for the first time at Southampton, NY. It is the oldest international team golf match in America.
1939 – The first successful flight of a jet-propelled airplane took place. The plane was a German Heinkel He 178.
1941 – The Football Writers Association of America was organized.
1963 – Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., gave his “I Have a Dream” speech at a civil rights rally in Washington, DC. More than 200,000 people attended.
1972 – Mark Spitz captured the first of his seven gold medals at the Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany. He set a world record when he completed the 200-meter butterfly in 2 minutes and 7/10ths of a second.
1981 – “The New York Daily News” published its final afternoon edition.
1990 – Iraq declared Kuwait to be its 19th province and renamed Kuwait City al-Kadhima.
1995 – The biggest bank in the U.S. was created when Chase Manhattan and Chemical Bank announced their $10 billion deal.
1996 – A divorce decree was issued for Britain’s Charles and Princess Diana. This was the official end to the 15-year marriage.
1998 – The Pakistani prime minister created new Islamic order and legal system based on the Koran.
2004 – George Brunstad, at age 70, became the oldest person to swim the English Channel. The swim from Dover, England, to Sangatte, France, took 15 hours and 59 minutes.
2008 – In China, the Shanghai World Financial Center officially opened. The observation decks opened on August 30.
2014 – Google announced its Project Wing. The project was aimed at delivering products across a city using unmanned flying vehicles.
Sixty-two years ago on August 28, 1963, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his speech that is popularly known as the “I Have a Dream” speech to civil rights marchers gathered at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom featured civil rights leaders, along with tens of thousands of marchers from around the country who gathered to press the United States government for equality.
Clockwise from top left: Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C. [Leaders of the march], August 28, 1963, National Archives Identifier 542056; Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C. [Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking.], August 28, 1963, National Archives Identifier 542068; Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C. [Marchers at the Lincoln Memorial.], August 28, 1963, National Archives Identifier 542054; Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C. [Marchers relaxing.], August 28, 1963, National Archives Identifier 542044
One of the marchers was 12 year old Edith Lee-Payne who came to Washington, DC with her mother. Photographer Rowland Scherman captured a photograph of young Edith that day, but Ms. Lee-Payne did not learn about the photograph until 2008. With the help of a librarian and an archivist, she was able to locate the photograph of herself at the march in the National Archives.
| In 2011, Ms. Lee-Payne wrote about the March and how she learned a photograph was taken of her on this day. With the permission of the author, below is an excerpt from the Pieces of History post Finding the girl in the photograph. |
| Washington, DC, was home for my mother before settling in Detroit, Michigan. After Dr. King led a march in Detroit on June 23, 1963, my mother scheduled our vacation to attend the March on Washington on August 28, 1963, which also happened to be my twelfth birthday. I lived the dream Dr. King spoke of. My neighborhood was integrated. We attended the same schools and sometimes shared worship experiences. We dined at restaurants with lunch counters without incident and drank from water fountains without signs distinguishing “color.” My mother never learned to drive, so buses and cabs were our primary mode of transportation, also without incident. At the age of 12 years, it was inconceivable to know that people who looked like me, separated by a few hundred miles, suffered such horrific experiences and limitations in their daily lives, including death. What I had learned in school about the Constitution, Emancipation Proclamation, freedom, and opportunities caused me to question the validity of these documents and concepts. There were no exceptions in these documents or caveats allowing these dreadful differences to happen, yet they did. In late October 2008, my cousin Marsha phoned saying she saw a picture of me on the cover of a 2009 Black History Calendar. She said I was holding a banner that read something about a march. I immediately recalled the March on Washington in August 28, 1963. She went on to say the picture was in a museum. From there my search to find the picture’s origin began. […] It is very humbling and gratifying to have been captured in photos viewed and used around the globe, by an unknown photographer that I have great respect, gratitude, and appreciation for. At that moment, the photographer captured my indescribable and unbelievable feelings as I listened and felt and saw, simultaneously, despair and hope on the faces of people around me, including my mother. It’s also humbling that my image identifies me as a civil rights demonstrator, associated with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and the historic March on Washington that will be seen throughout history. |
Source: nara.gov
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