1520 – Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan reached the Pacific Ocean after passing through the South American strait. The strait was named after him. He was the first European to sail the Pacific from the east.

1582 – William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway were married.

1757 – English poet, painter and engraver William Blake was born. Two of his best known works are “Songs of Innocence” and “Songs of Experience.”

1919 – American-born Lady Astor was elected the first female member of the British Parliament.

1922 – Capt. Cyril Turner of the Royal Air Force gave the first public exhibition of skywriting. He spelled out, “Hello USA. Call Vanderbilt 7200” over New York’s Times Square.

1925 – The Grand Ole Opry made its radio debut on station WSM.

1929 – Ernie Nevers (St. Louis Cardinals) became the first professional football player to score six touchdowns in a single game.

1942 – In Boston, MA, 491 people died in a fire that destroyed the Coconut Grove.

1943 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin met in Tehran to map out strategy concerning World War II.

1953 – New York City began 11 days without newspapers due to a strike of photoengravers.

1958 – The African nation of Chad became an autonomous republic within the French community.

1963 – U.S. President Johnson announced that Cape Canaveral would be renamed Cape Kennedy in honor of his assassinated predecessor. The name was changed back to Cape Canaveral in 1973 by a vote of residents.

1964 – The U.S. launched the space probe Mariner IV from Cape Kennedy on a course set for Mars.

1977 – Larry Bird was introduced as “College Basketball’s Secret Weapon” with a cover story in Sports Illustrated. (NBA)

1978 – The Iranian government banned religious marches.

1979 – An Air New Zealand DC-10 flying to the South Pole crashed in Antarctica killing all 257 people aboard.

1983 – The space shuttle Columbia took off with the STS-9 Spacelab in its cargo bay.

1985 – The Irish Senate approved the Anglo-Irish accord concerning Northern Ireland.

1987 – A South African Airways Boeing 747 crashed into the Indian Ocean. All 159 people aboard were killed.

1989 – Romanian gymnast Nadia Comaneci arrived in New York after escaping her homeland through Hungary.

1990 – Margaret Thatcher resigned as prime minister of Britain.

1992 – In Bosnia-Herzegovina, 137 tons of food and supplies were to be delivered to the isolated town of Srebrenica.

1992 – In King William’s Town, South Africa, black militant gunmen attacked a country club killing four people and injuring 20.

1994 – Jeffrey Dahmer, a convicted serial killer, was clubbed to death in a Wisconsin prison by a fellow inmate.

1994 – Norwegian voters rejected European Union membership.

1995 – U.S. President Clinton signed a $6 billion road bill that ended the federal 55 mph speed limit.

2010 – WikiLeaks released to the public more than 250,000 U.S. diplomatic cables. About 100,000 were marked “secret” or “confidential.”

1684 – Japan’s shogun Yoshimune Tokugawa was born.

1701 – Anders Celsius was born in Sweden. He was the inventor of the Celsius thermometer.

1779 – The College of Pennsylvania became the University of Pennsylvania. It was the first legally recognized university in America.

1839 – The American Statistical Association was founded in Boston.

1889 – Curtis P. Brady was issued the first permit to drive an automobile through Central Park in New York City.

1901 – The Army War College was established in Washington, DC.

1910 – New York’s Pennsylvania Station opened. 

1934 – The U.S. bank robber George “Baby Face” Nelson was killed by FBI agents near Barrington, IL.

1939 – The play “Key Largo,” by Maxwell Anderson, opened in New York.

1951 – Hosea Richardson became the first black horse racing jockey to be licensed in Florida. 

1963 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson delivered his first address to a joint session of Congress. 

1970 – Pope Paul VI, visiting the Philippines, was attacked at the Manila airport by a Bolivian painter disguised as a priest.

1973 – The U.S. Senate voted to confirm Gerald R. Ford as vice president after the resignation of Spiro T. Agnew.

1978 – San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and City Supervisor Harvey Milk, a gay-rights activist, were shot to death inside City Hall by Dan White, a former supervisor.

1980 – Dave Williams (Chicago Bears) became the first player in NFL history to return a kick for touchdown in overtime.

1983 – 183 people were killed when a Colombian Avianca Airlines Boeing 747 crashed near Barajas airport in Madrid.

1985 – The British House of Commons approved the Anglo-Irish accord giving Dublin a consulting role in the governing of British-ruled Northern Ireland.

1987 – French hostages Jean-Louis Normandin and Roger Auque were set free by their pro-Iranian captors in West Beirut, Lebanon.

1989 – 107 people were killed when a bomb destroyed a Colombian jetliner minutes after the plane had taken off from Bogota’s international airport. Police blamed the incident on drug traffickers.

1991 – The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a resolution that led the way for the establishment of a UN peacekeeping operation in Yugoslavia.

1992 – In Venezuela, rebel forces tried but failed to overthrow President Carlos Andres Perez for the second time in ten months.

2008 – The ocean liner Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) was taken out of service after more than 30 years. The ship was launched on September 20, 1967.

After passing a resolution earlier in the year, the United Nations General Assembly recognizes the first International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women on November 25, 2000. The resolution, which was introduced by the Dominican Republic, marked the anniversary of the death of three sisters, Patria, Minerva and María Teresa Mirabal, who were murdered there in 1960. While women in Latin America and the Caribbean had honored the day since 1981, all UN countries did not formally recognize it until almost two decades later.

Many organizations, including the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), had been pushing for international recognition of the date for some time.

A year earlier, Noeleen Heyzer, the director of UNIFEM, gave a speech at a fundraising breakfast in Toronto, Canada, encouraging men and women to participate in 16 days of activism against gender violence. The voluntary effort was to begin on November 25 and last through December 10, the anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was passed in 1948 as a response to the genocidal terror of the Nazi regime. This 16-day period had particular significance for Heyzer’s Canadian audience, for one of Canada’s most horrific tragedies occurred on December 6, 1989, when Marc Lepine went on a shooting spree at Ecole Polytechnique in Montreal. Lepine had entered the college with a shotgun and murdered 14 female engineering students before turning the gun on himself in what later became known as the “Montreal Massacre.” In his suicide note, Lepine declared his murdering spree to be an attack against feminism.

For the complete article, go to: history.com

** Japanese autoparts company Takata files bankruptcy in light of ‘largest and most complex safety recall’ in US history

By 

Ashlyn Messier, Fox Business

*** Cyprus Saturday 23 November

The transport ministry was set to begin an investigation on Friday into recall procedures for cars equipped with defective Takata airbags and a decision that effectively exempted used cars from recall requirements.

On Thursday, the House transport committee discussed a bill addressing future sales and imports. “It’s not a solution, but it’s a start,” MP Nikos Sykas told CyBC.

The issue of drivers unknowingly or knowingly using cars with defective airbags remains a significant problem. Sykas emphasised the need for a dedicated webpage allowing citizens to check if their vehicle is affected.

On Friday, Sykas was scheduled to meet with the department of road transport (TOM) to address 4,500 car owners who were notified about defective airbags but failed to respond to recall notices.

According to Sykas, the lack of follow-up with these owners over the years was a serious oversight by the department.

**