VOPP: Table 1: States with No-Excuse Absentee Voting

This table is part of NCSL’s Voting Outside the Polling Place report.

“Absentee” first came about during the Civil War as a way for soldiers to cast a ballot in their home states. The idea of allowing military voters to cast a ballot “in absentia” is still one of the driving factors for states allowing absentee ballots. All states, by federal law, are required to send absentee ballots to military and overseas voters for federal elections.

For domestic voters wishing to vote absentee or by mail, 16 states require voters to provide an “excuse” for why they will not be able to vote on Election Day. Some of these states do provide early in-person voting.

The other 34 states and Washington, D.C., do not require an excuse from those who wish to vote absentee or by mail. Five states conduct elections entirely by mail (Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Utah and Washington), which means voters do not need to request a ballot, and instead automatically receive one. The other 29 states and D.C. offer “no-excuse” absentee voting, which means any voter can request a mail ballot without providing an excuse.

State	Details
Alaska Alaska Stat. § 15.20.010	No-excuse absentee voting
Arizona Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 16-541	No-excuse absentee voting
California Cali. Elec Code § 3003	No-excuse absentee voting
Colorado Colo. Rev. Stat. §1-5-401	All-mail elections
District of Columbia D.C. Mun. Regs. Tit. 3, § 720	No-excuse absentee voting
Florida Flor. Stat. § 101.62	No-excuse absentee voting
Georgia Georgia Code § 21-2-380	No-excuse absentee voting
Hawaii Hawaii Stat. §11-101	All-mail elections
Idaho Idaho Code §34-1001	No-excuse absentee voting
Illinois 10 ILCS 5/19-1	No-excuse absentee voting
Iowa Iowa Code § 53.1	No-excuse absentee voting
Kansas Kan. Stat. Ann.§ 25-1119(a)	No-excuse absentee voting
Maine 21-A ME Rev Stat § 751	No-excuse absentee voting
Maryland Md. Elec Law §9-304	No-excuse absentee voting
Michigan M.C.L.A. 168.759	No-excuse absentee voting
Minnesota Minn. Stat. § 203B.02	No-excuse absentee voting
Montana Mont. Code § 13-13-201	No-excuse absentee voting
Nebraska Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. §32-938	No-excuse absentee voting
Nevada NRS §293.313	No-excuse absentee voting
New Jersey N.J. Rev. Stat. § 19:63-3	No-excuse absentee voting
New Mexico N.M. Stat. § 1-6-3	No-excuse absentee voting
North Carolina N.C. Gen Stat § 163-226	No-excuse absentee voting
North Dakota N.D. Cent. Code § 16.1-07-01	No-excuse absentee voting
Ohio Ohio Rev Code § 3509.02	No-excuse absentee voting
Oklahoma 26 OK Stat § 26-14-105	No-excuse absentee voting
Oregon Ore. Rev. Stat. §254.465	All-mail elections
Pennsylvania 25 P.S. § 3150.11	No-excuse absentee voting
Rhode Island R.I. Gen Laws § 17-20-2	No-excuse absentee voting   (Rhode Island lists several excuses to vote absentee, but also specifies “No specific reason necessary.” Since any Rhode Islander can request an absentee ballot, NCSL has categorized it as no excuse required.)
South Dakota S.D. Cod. Laws § 12-19-1	No-excuse absentee voting
Utah Utah Code Ann. §20A-3a-302	All-mail elections
Vermont 17 VSA § 2531	No-excuse absentee voting
Virginia VA Code Ann. § 24.2-700	No-excuse absentee voting
Washington Rev. Code of Wash. 29A.40.010	All-mail elections
Wisconsin Wis. Stat. § 6.86 (1)(ac)	No-excuse absentee voting
Wyoming WY Stat § 22-9-102	No-excuse absentee voting

ncsl.org

Through simple yet brave acts of protest, athletes across the country and of all ages have joined a powerful movement calling for racial justice and an end to police violence. We’ve seen them on national television, in our high school gymnasiums, and underneath the Friday night lights. But these athletes, from youth to college to professional, need our support.

On a near daily basis, they are facing harassment and retaliation for demanding justice. Damontre Moore of the Dallas Cowboys was cut for raising his first at the end of the anthem last week, Kennesaw State has banished kneeling cheerleaders into the stadium tunnels after pressure from a local sheriff, others like the high school volleyball player Kamryn face daily harassment from fellow students and their parents, and Colin Kaepernick is still being blackballed by the NFL. For standing tall in the face of all these threats, harassment and retaliation, these athletes are superheroes.^1 2

But they cannot do this all on their own, we need to have the backs of these athletes fighting for justice. For them, we are taking our own action. We are launching a month long campaign dedicated to uplifting these athletes, defending their rights, and centering their calls for racial and criminal justice reform. Help us #SuperPowerChange by sharing your love and support with the athletes who are fighting for us everyday.

#SuperPowerChange by signing the open letter to our sung and unsung sports superheroes!

Right now, we are in a unique moment in history, where sports and athletes at all levels are playing a pivotal role in shaping our culture and consciousness. Their actions are having a real impact. In the last couple of months we have seen a remarkable shift in public awareness of the racial justice issues players are protesting for – now up to 66% of people – as well as a rapid increase in the number of Americans showing support for the protests.³ An increase from 42% last year to 51% last month.⁴

But make no mistake, there are still many powerful people who want nothing more than to silence the Black athletes demanding justice. NFL owners like Jerry Jones and Bob McNair, the Miami and Cleveland police departments, school administrators, local sheriffs, state representatives, and of course, Trump and Mike Pence have all taken steps to restrict the rights of athletes to protest for Black people and to undermine their message.

Even though there are powerful people fighting against athlete activists and their racial justice message, momentum is on our side.If we keep pushing, and elevating the bravery and messages of athletes at all levels, we can #SuperPowerChange and win racial and criminal justice reforms well beyond the arena of sports.

Help celebrate and uplift these athletes – signing the open letter to our sports superheroes!

This open letter is just the beginning. At Color Of Change, we are committed to supporting athletes at all levels as they push forward this vital conversation. We want to go even further in both supporting and celebrating the power of athletes and activism during the November Month of Action. Throughout the rest of the month we will be launching actions like:

• #SuperPowerChange Hub– an interactive website that will be the November Month of Action nervecenter. A place where you can see all the latest actions and social media content available.
• Weekly petitions and calls to action including:
  • Calling on local prosecutors in target areas to take action on bail reform and juvenile life without parole cases.
  • Petitions uplifting “local heroes” and students that are leading protests in their communities and facing repercussions.
• #WhyIProtest – videos uniquely curated illustrations and social media content that highlight the issues, fights and individuals that inspire people to organize for change.
• #FightForPower – a national virtual townhall with athletes and policy and decision makers elevating the core issues and fights and opportunity for engagement.

Together we can #SuperPowerChange and make November a powerful Month of Action. Help us kick off this month of action by sending your own statement of support to the athletes, sports journalists and students fighting for us.

#SuperPowerChange by signing the open letter to our sung and unsung sports superheroes!

Until justice is real,

— Rashad and the rest of the Color Of Change team.

References:

1. “Campus anthem battle: It’s cheerleaders vs. a sheriff and a powerful lawmaker,” Yahoo Sports, 25 October 2017. https://act.colorofchange.org/go/9768?t=9&akid=8122%2E1174326%2El7t6Og

2. “Did Cowboys release DE Damontre Moore for raising his fist?,” Cowboys Wire, 24 October 2018. http://act.colorofchange.org/go/9812?t=11&akid=8122%2E1174326%2El7t6Og

3. “CBS News – September 28, 2017 Protest Poll,” CBS News, 28 September 2017. https://act.colorofchange.org/go/9813?t=13&akid=8122%2E1174326%2El7t6Og

4. “Poll Says a Majority of Americans Think Leagues Should Not Require Players to Stand During Anthem,” Sports Illustrated, 25 October 2017. https://act.colorofchange.org/go/9814?t=15&akid=8122%2E1174326%2El7t6Og

#SuperPowerChange by signing the open letter to our sung and unsung sports superheroes!