Called, The Little Rock Nine

Under escort from the U.S. Army’s 101st Airborne Division, nine black students enter all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Three weeks earlier, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus had surrounded the school with National Guard troops to prevent its federal court-ordered racial integration. After a tense standoff, President Dwight D. Eisenhower federalized the Arkansas National Guard and sent 1,000 army paratroopers to Little Rock to enforce the court order.

On May 17, 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that racial segregation in educational facilities was unconstitutional. Five days later, the Little Rock School Board issued a statement saying it would comply with the decision when the Supreme Court outlined the method and time frame in which desegregation should be implemented.

Arkansas was at the time among the more progressive Southern states in regard to racial issues. The University of Arkansas School of Law was integrated in 1949, and the Little Rock Public Library in 1951. Even before the Supreme Court ordered integration to proceed “with all deliberate speed,” the Little Rock School Board in 1955 unanimously adopted a plan of integration to begin in 1957 at the high school level. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) filed suit, arguing the plan was too gradual, but a federal judge dismissed the suit, saying that the school board was acting in “utmost good faith.” Meanwhile, Little Rock’s public buses were desegregated. By 1957, seven out of Arkansas’ eight state universities were integrated.

In the spring of 1957, there were 517 black students who lived in the Central High School district. Eighty expressed an interest in attending Central in the fall, and they were interviewed by the Little Rock School Board, which narrowed down the number of candidates to 17. Eight of those students later decided to remain at all-black Horace Mann High School, leaving the “Little Rock Nine” to forge their way into Little Rock’s premier high school.

In August 1957, the newly formed Mother’s League of Central High School won a temporary injunction from the county chancellor to block integration of the school, charging that it “could lead to violence.” Federal District Judge Ronald Davies nullified the injunction on August 30. On September 2, Governor Orval Faubus—a staunch segregationist—called out the Arkansas National Guard to surround Central High School and prevent integration, ostensibly to prevent the bloodshed he claimed desegregation would cause. The next day, Judge Davies ordered integrated classes to begin on September 4. 

September 4, 1957: Arkansas troops block “Little Rock Nine” from segregated high school

That morning, 100 armed National Guard troops encircled Central High School. A mob of 400 white civilians gathered and turned ugly when the black students began to arrive, shouting racial epithets and threatening the teenagers with violence. The National Guard troops refused to let the black students pass and used their clubs to control the crowd. One of the nine, 15-year-old Elizabeth Eckford, was surrounded by the mob, which threatened to lynch her. She was finally led to safety by a sympathetic white woman.

Little Rock Mayor Woodrow Mann condemned Faubus’ decision to call out the National Guard, but the governor defended his action, reiterating that he did so to prevent violence. The governor also stated that integration would occur in Little Rock when and if a majority of people chose to support it. Faubus’ defiance of Judge Davies’ court order was the first major test of Brown v. Board of Educationand the biggest challenge of the federal government’s authority over the states since the Reconstruction Era.

The standoff continued, and on September 20 Judge Davies ruled that Faubus had used the troops to prevent integration, not to preserve law and order as he claimed. Faubus had no choice but to withdraw the National Guard troops. Authority over the explosive situation was put in the hands of the Little Rock Police Department.

On September 23, as a mob of 1,000 whites milled around outside Central High School, the nine black students managed to gain access to a side door.

However, the mob became unruly when it learned the black students were inside, and the police evacuated them out of fear for their safety. That evening, President Eisenhower issued a special proclamation calling for opponents of the federal court order to “cease and desist.” On September 24, Little Rock’s mayor sent a telegram to the president asking him to send troops to maintain order and complete the integration process. Eisenhower immediately federalized the Arkansas National Guard and approved the deployment of U.S. troops to Little Rock. That evening, from the White House, the president delivered a nationally televised address in which he explained that he had taken the action to defend the rule of law and prevent “mob rule” and “anarchy.”

On September 25, the Little Rock Nine entered the school under heavily armed guard.

Troops remained at Central High School throughout the school year, but still the black students were subjected to verbal and physical assaults from a faction of white students. Melba Patillo, one of the nine, had acid thrown in her eyes, and Elizabeth Eckford was pushed down a flight of stairs. The three male students in the group were subjected to more conventional beatings. Minnijean Brown was suspended after dumping a bowl of chili over the head of a taunting white student. She was later suspended for the rest of the year after continuing to fight back. The other eight students consistently turned the other cheek. On May 27, 1958, Ernest Green, the only senior in the group, became the first black to graduate from Central High School.

Governor Faubus continued to fight the school board’s integration plan, and in September 1958 he ordered Little Rock’s three high schools closed rather than permit integration. Many Little Rock students lost a year of education as the legal fight over desegregation continued. In 1959, a federal court struck down Faubus’ school-closing law, and in August 1959 Little Rock’s white high schools opened a month early with black students in attendance.

All grades in Little Rock public schools were finally integrated in 1972

The Constitutional Convention decided that the first federal election was to be held on Wednesday the following February.

On that day George Washington was elected as the first president of the United States.

In addition, New York City was named the temporary national capital.

1759 – The French were defeated by the British on the Plains of Abraham in the final French and Indian War.

1788/1787 – The Constitutional Convention decided that the first federal election was to be held on Wednesday the following February. On that day George Washington was elected as the first president of the United States. In addition, New York City was named the temporary national capital.

1789 – The United States Government took out its first loan. 

1847 – U.S. forces took the hill Chapultepec during the Mexican-American War.

1862 – During the American Civil War General Lee’s Order No. 191 was found by federal soldiers in Maryland.

1898 – Hannibal Williston Goodwin patented celluloid photographic film, which is used to make movies.

1922 – In El Azizia, Libya, the highest shade temperature was recorded at 136.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

1935 – Aviator Howard Hughes, Jr., of Houston, set a new airspeed record of 352 mph with his H-1 airplane (Winged Bullet).

1937 – The first broadcast of “Kitty Keene, Incorporated” was heard on the NBC Red network.

1943 – Chiang Kai-shek became the president of China.

1948 – The School of Performing Arts opened in New York City. It was the first public school to specialize in performing arts.

1948 – Margaret Chase Smith was elected to the U.S. Senate and became the first woman to serve in both houses of the U.S. Congress. 

1949 – The Ladies Professional Golf Association of America was formed.

1959 – The Soviet Union’s Luna 2 became the first space probe to reach the moon. It was launched the day before.

1960 – The U.S. Federal Communications Commission banned payola. 

1970 – The first New York City Marathon took place. Fireman Gary Muhrucke won the race.

1971 – In New York, National Guardsmen stormed the Attica Correctional Facility and put an end to the four-day revolt. A total of 43 people were killed in the final assault. A committee was organized to investigate the riot on September 30, 1971.

1971 – The World Hockey Association was formed.

1977 – The first diesel automobiles were introduced by General Motors.

1981 – U.S. Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig said the U.S. had physical evidence that Russia and its allies used poisonous biological weapons in Laos, Cambodia and Afghanistan. 

1988 – Forecasters reported that Hurricane Gilbert’s barometric pressure measured 26.13. It was the strongest hurricane ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere. 

1993 – Israel and Palestine signed their first major agreement. Palestine was granted limited self-government in the Gaza Strip and in Jericho.

1994 – U.S. President Bill Clinton signed a $30 billion crime bill into law.

1998 – The New York Times closed its Web site after hackers added offensive material.

2001 – U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell named Osama bin Laden as the prime suspect in the terror attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001. Limited commercial flights resumed in the U.S. for the first time in two days.

** Sauce company refuses to comply with cease and desist order issued because of botulism risk

The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection Food and Standards Division has issued a cease-and-desist order to Phire in the Hole of Monroe, CT, and asked the company to. By News Desk 

** Vermont farm recalls eggs because of link to Salmonella outbreak

Leaping Bear Farm is recalling eggs after Vermont health and agriculture officials detected Salmonella in eggs and environmental samples from the farm. The recall covers cartons dated between June 1. ByNews Desk

** Peanuts recalled because of Salmonella contamination

PK brand Roasted Lemon N’ Chilli Peanuts are being recalled in Canada because of Salmonella contamination. The peanuts were distributed in Ontario and Quebec, according to the Canadian Food Inspection. By News Desk

** Cheese recalled in Canada because of Listeria contamination

Coaticook brand Aged Cheddar Cheese is being recalled in Canada because of contamination with Listeria monocytogenes. The recall was initiated by the company. By News Desk 

** Pork cracklings products recalled because of production in Colombia

El Eden Import Distributor Corp., a Long Island City, NY, firm, is recalling 264 pounds of potato chip products containing chicharrón (pork cracklings) because they were produced in the Republic. By News Desk 

** Ready-to-eat pork jowls recalled because of Listeria contamination

Prime Line Distributors Inc. of Fort Lauderdale, FL., and Ferrarini USA Inc. of Hoboken, NJ, are recalling 1,513 pounds of imported ready-to-eat (RTE) pork products that may. By News Desk

** Publisher’s Platform: Hamburger E. coli was 95 percent of my practice until federal inspection ended it. On-farm slaughter would bring it back.

By Bill Marler 

** Sprout seed supplier recalled product amid outbreak

The seed supplier behind a multi-state outbreak linked to sprouts may have been named quietly in an obscure FDA report. First reported by Phyllis Entis on eFoodAlert.com, By News Desk

** Another sprout product under recall; seed supplier refuses to issue recall

An unnamed seed company is now under investigation in an outbreak traced to fresh sprouts. And, another product has been added to the recall of implicated sprouts. The outbreak of E. coli and Salmonella infections has previously been linked to alfalfa sprouts grown by Everything Sprouts of Minneapolis, MN. The company recalled its Crunchy Protein Sprout Mix and Zesty Garlic Mix sprouts sold under the Calco and Everything Sprouts brands. By Coral Beach

** Pesto linked to botulism cases in Poland

The company said it was taking all necessary steps to fully clarify the matter By Joe Whitworth

** Evergreen Fresh Sprouts LLC Recalls Broccoli Sprouts Because of Possible Health Risk.  Evergreen Fresh Sprouts LLC of Moyie Springs, IDAHO is recalling 215 cases (6/4oz bags per case) of Broccoli Sprouts, because it has the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella.  Our company has ceased the production and distribution of broccoli sprouts since 9/04/2026 and is currently conducting a root cause investigation. Consumers who have purchased affected Broccoli Sprouts are urged to immediately discard product. Consumers with questions may contact the company at 1-208-267-4258, Monday-Friday, 7am-2 pm GMT. The Broccoli Sprouts were delivered to three distributors in WA between 8/24/26 and 9/2/26, and product may have been further distributed and sold in retail stores to consumers in ID, MT, and WA. The affected Broccoli Sprouts were packaged in clear plastic 4oz. Zip lock bags, UPC code 8 38796 00105 1, and have the Use By dates of 9/07/26, 9/09/26, 9/11/26, 9/14/26, and 9/16/26.

We were notified that our broccoli sprouts product has been related to a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Bovismorbifican. The outbreak includes 22 cases as of 9/9/2026.

** Made Fresh Salads, Inc. Recalls Ready-to-Eat Deli-Style Salads and Cream Cheese Because of Possible Health Risk. Made Fresh Salads Inc. of Bay Shore, NY is recalling all Ready to Eat Deli Style Salads and cream cheese, because they have the potential to be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. The various salads were distributed in Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx and New York City by direct delivery to retail stores and distributors. Products are distributed in 30 lb. and 5 lb. white plastic tubs with a Made Fresh Salads label or a Northside Label and a half-size aluminum pan.

The salads being recalled are as follows: expiration dates from September 3, 2026 through September 18, 2026 printed on the bottom left of the label. Consumers who have purchased Made Fresh Salads are urged to return it to the place of purchase for a full refund. Consumers with questions may contact the company at (718) 765-0082 Monday through Friday 9am to 5 pm ET.

The list is long … take the time to check, and the products may have been repacked by retail locations in deli-style or other retail packaging. Retail packaging and coding will vary based on location of purchase.

** BMC Medical Co., Ltd. Recalls Luna G3 APAP (Model LG3600) with Firmware G3-2.00.76 Due to Firmware Defect. Beijing, China, retrospectively reported to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) a recall of 20,160 Luna G3 APAP (Model LG3600) devices distributed in the United States due to firmware defect. This corrective action was not reported to customers. On August 19, 2026, the FDA classified this retrospective recall as a Class I recall (FDA Recall Number: Z-2979-2026).

BMC has identified that firmware version, G3-2.00.76 installed on these Luna G3 APAP (Model LG3600) devices contained a firmware defect. BMC conducted a firmware upgrade of these devices to version G3-2.00.77 for 20,160 affected devices at the U.S. importer’s warehouse from October through December 2024. After reporting the retrospective recall, BMC discovered that potentially up to 196 units did not receive the upgrade and identified that these devices may still contain firmware version G3-2.00.76.

If the affected device(s) operates simultaneously under high pressure, high respiratory rate, and high peak flow an “Error” message on the device display is triggered, followed by automatic shutdown resulting in a failure to deliver therapy. For any inquiries, please contact RH, the U.S. importer of BMC, at telephone number 863-226-6285 or via email at 3B-Recall@reacthealth.com, Monday through Friday, between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (ET). Additionally, BMC may be reached at any time by email at bmc-recall@bmc-medical.com.

** Foods Alive Recalls Organic Moringa Leaf Powder Because of Possible Health Risk. Foods Alive Inc of Angola, IN, is recalling its 8-ounce packages of organic moringa leaf powder because they have the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella, an organism which can cause serious and sometimes fatal infections in young children, frail or elderly people, and others with weakened immune systems. he recalled organic moringa leaf powder was distributed nationwide in retail stores and through online sellers including but not limited to www.foodsalive.comExternal Link Disclaimer.

The product comes in an 8 ounce stand up pouch with a freshest by date of 110127 and the number 02726 below the date, and were shipped between January 27th and August 7th 2026.

No illnesses have been reported to date in connection with this problem. Consumers who have purchased 8 ounce packages of organic moringa leaf powder are urged to return them to the place of purchase for a full refund. Consumers with questions may contact the company at 260-488-4497.

** Frutas y Hortalizas del Sur S.A., San Carlos, Chile expands its July 3, 2026, recall of frozen organic IQF blueberries to include one lot of Great Value frozen Organic Triple Berry Blend 10 OZ because of potential contamination with Escherichia coli O145:H28 (E. coli O145). This recalled product was shipped to select Walmart stores in 16 states including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas and Wisconsin. Consumers should check their freezers for the affected product.

The affected product is:

• Product: Great Value Organic Triple Berry Blend 10 OZ (Including Strawberries, Blackberries and Blueberries), with UPC: 7874211226
• Package Size: 10 oz
• Lot Code: 6040 01-6 (in front of the package)
• Best If Used By Date: February 9, 2028

Consumers who have Great Value Organic Triple Berry 10 OZ with lot code 6040 01-6 should not consume it. Frutas y Hortalizas del Sur S.A. is working closely with the appropriate regulatory authorities and its customers regarding this recall.

Consumers or customers with questions regarding this recall may contact:

Media Contact: Joshua Weiss

Info.foodsafety@comfrut.com or 336-899-5612.

Monday – Friday 8 AM – 6 PM EST

** Clorox Puerto Rico Recalls 6 Million Scented Mistolin and Lestoil Multi-Purpose Cleaners Due to Risk of Exposure to Bacteria

Hazard:

The recalled products may contain bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is an environmental organism found widely in soil and water. People with weakened immune systems or external medical devices who are exposed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa face a risk of serious infection that may require medical treatment. The bacteria can enter the body if inhaled, through the eyes, or through a break in the skin. People with healthy immune systems are usually not affected by the bacteria.

Remedy:

Consumers should stop using the recalled cleaners immediately. Consumers will be asked to register at https://mistolinrecall.expertinquiry.com/ and submit a picture of the 12-digit UPC code printed on the label and a picture of the date code printed on the side of the bottle and dispose of the product in its container with household trash. Consumers registering bottles in the affected scents with date codes printed on the bottle beginning with PR01 and followed by a five-digit number between 25091 and 26168 will receive a full refund of the purchase price, with receipt or of the manufacturer’s suggested retail price, without receipt.

Website: http://www.mistolinrecall.com/

Units:

About 6.3 million Phone: (855) 215-5439

** B. Braun Medical Inc. Issues Voluntary Nationwide Recall of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP, 100 mL, in a 150 mL PAB® Container Due to the Presence of Particulate Matter. Product was distributed Nationwide to hospital and healthcare facilities from February 27, 2026 to August 3, 2026.

B. Braun is notifying its distributors and customers by mail and is arranging for return and replacement of all recalled products. Customers that have the recalled product should return to place of purchase.

Consumers with questions regarding this recall can contact B. Braun by emailing recalls@bbraunusa.com, Monday to Friday 8:00am to 5:00pm EST.

** American Regent, Inc. Issues Voluntary Nationwide Recall of Three Lots of Epinephrine Injection, USP 30 mg/ 30 mL (1 mg/mL) Due to the Presence of Particulate Matter and Lack of Assurance of Sterility. September 3, 2026 – New Albany, OH, American Regent, Inc. is conducting a nationwide voluntary recall of three lots of Epinephrine Injection, USP 30 mg/ 30 mL (1 mg/mL) multidose vials to the consumer level. Customer complaints were received for leaking and cracked vials, resulting in a lack of assurance of sterility. The firm’s investigation also revealed the presence of particulate matter identified as Nylon, Cellulosic, Acrylic, Polyethylene, and Glass. Epinephrine Injection, USP 30 mg/ 30 mL (1 mg/mL) packaged in a multi dose vials, administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously and is to be used by or under the direction of a physician. Epinephrine Injection, USP is indicated for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, which may result from insect stings or bites, foods, drugs, sera, diagnostic testing substances, and other allergens, as well as idiopathic anaphylaxis or exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Epinephrine Injection, USP is also indicated to increase mean arterial blood pressure in adult patients with hypotension associated with septic shock. Epinephrine Injection, USP is a clear, colorless, sterile solution available in a 30 mL multiple-dose vial containing 1 mg/mL. The affected Lot Numbers 25128L1C0, 25280L1C0, and 26108L1C0 were distributed nationwide in the United States. Phone: 800-645-1706 (8:00AM-6:00PM 
EST, Monday – Thursday, 8:00AM- 
4:00PM EST, Friday)American Regent, Inc. 
Customer Service

** Frutas y Hortalizas del Sur S.A. Expands Recall to Include One Lot of Great Value Frozen Organic Triple Berry Blend Because of Potential Contamination with Escherichia coli O145:H28 (E. coli O145). This recalled product was shipped to select Walmart stores in 16 states, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, and Wisconsin. Consumers should check their freezers for the affected product.

The affected product is:

• Product: Great Value Organic Triple Berry Blend 10 OZ (Including Strawberries, Blackberries and Blueberries), with UPC: 7874211226
• Package Size: 10 oz
• Lot Code: 6040 01-6 (in front of the package)
• Best If Used By Date: February 9, 2028

Consumers who have Great Value Organic Triple Berry 10 OZ with lot code 6040 01-6 should not consume it.Media Contact: Joshua Weiss

Info.foodsafety@comfrut.com or 336-899-5612.

Monday – Friday 8 AM – 6 PM EST 

** The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed 11,485 patients in the current iceberg lettuce-linked Cyclospora outbreak as of Aug. 27. Patients have been confirmed in three more states: Georgia, Tennessee and Texas. The number of deaths related to the outbreak still stands at two. The CDC continues to investigate additional Cyclospora outbreaks across the country.

** Another sprout product under recall; seed supplier refuses to issue recall

An unnamed seed company is now under investigation in an outbreak traced to fresh sprouts. And, another product has been added to the recall of implicated sprouts.

By Coral Beach 

** Alert issued by officials in Hong Kong about formaldehyde in rice noodles

Authorities in Hong Kong have issued a warning about a brand of imported rice noodles because of formaldehyde. The Centre for Food Safety (CFS) of the Food and Environmental Hygiene

By News Desk 

** LMSI LLC/Kofinas Olive Oil Issues a Voluntary Recall of its Garlic Mediterranean Infused Extra Virgin Olive Oil for Using a Garlic Essential Oil Not Approved for Culinary Use. LMSI LLC/ Kofinas Olive Oil is issuing a voluntary recall of its Garlic Mediterranean infused extra virgin olive oil for using a garlic essential oil not approved for culinary use. The flavored oil was bottled in glass bottles in 500 ml, 250 ml, and 100 ml sizes.

The recalled products were available for sale from August 31, 2025, to August 27, 2026, at the following locations:

Montgomery Store & Infusion Kitchen: 8210 Market Place Ln., Cincinnati, OH 45242

Findlay Market: 1801 Race St., Cincinnati, OH 45202

Online sales directly from www.kofinasoliveoil.comExternal Link Disclaimer.

On September 13, 2007, the United Nations adopts the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The declaration, which defines the rights of the planet’s Indigenous peoples to their respective ways of life and prohibits discrimination against them, is a watershed moment for groups that often struggle for representation at the international level.

The fight for Indigenous recognition within international institutions is older than the UN itself. In 1920, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy (also known as the Iroquois Six Nations) applied for membership in the UN’s predecessor, the League of Nations, but the bid went nowhere. Progress came in 1974, when representatives from 98 nations across the Western Hemisphere gathered in South Dakota to form the International Indian Treaty Council, which was recognized by the UN as a non-governmental organization with consultative status. 

In 1982, the UN Economic and Social Council’s Working Group on Indigenous Populations began working to set a standard of protection for Indigenous populations. Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, various drafts of a declaration of Indigenous rights were circulated, with movement finally coalescing behind a document that proclaims Indigenous peoples’ rights to cultural practices, to maintain and strengthen their own institutions, to full participation in all matters concerning how they are governed and to remain distinct from the people around them without being discriminated against or forced to assimilate.

Source: history.com For the complete article